✅ The C5 nerve root primarily controls shoulder abduction and elbow flexion through muscles like the deltoid and biceps. It also provides sensation to the upper part of the arm, extending from the shoulder to the elbow. ✅ Damage to the C5 nerve can lead to weakness in these areas and potentially impact diaphragm function through the phrenic nerve (which also receives input from C3 and C4). ❄️Motor functions❄️ ✔️Shoulder abduction: The ability to lift the arm away from the body is controlled by the deltoid muscle, which receives input from C5. ✔️Elbow flexion: The biceps muscle is responsible for bending the elbow, a function primarily controlled by C5. ✔️Biceps reflex: This is a key indicator of C5 nerve root function, Sensory functions Shoulder and upper arm: ✔️C5 provides sensation to a specific area, including the shoulder and the upper part of the arm down to the elbow. Lateral aspect of the arm: Sensation is concentrated on the outer side of the arm, around the tip of the shoulder and deltoid muscle,